Space planning

Control rooms

Control rooms

Three key design principles

In a context where operators are at the heart of critical decisions, the quick transformation of control rooms underlines the importance of optimised design. This transformation, driven by the ever-increasing amount of information required to make decisions and decisive physiological factors such as fatigue and stress for operators, reveals three structuring design issues:

  • The normative challenge of reference frameworks How can standards and best practices be effectively integrated to ensure both compliance and operational excellence?
  • Multidisciplinary expertiseHow can collaboration between different experts (ergonomists, engineers, architects) optimise the functionality and efficiency of control rooms?
  • Stakeholder engagementHow can involving operators and internal stakeholders from the design phase onwards help to create spaces that are better adapted to their real needs?

These challenges emphasized the importance of a holistic and collaborative approach, an approach that Human design Group has been developing for many years for the most demanding sectors and the most ambitious projects.

The normative challenge of reference frameworks

At the heart of control room design lies the alignment of ergonomic standards, such as ISO 11064, with standardised project engineering protocols. This synergy ensures the smooth integration of ergonomics from the outset, guaranteeing that every stage, from specification to implementation, complies with rigorous ergonomic principles.

Particular attention is paid to the preliminary analysis, which encompasses an understanding of the issues at stake in the project, the identification of operational needs, and a detailed examination of agent activity. This leads to the establishment of robust planning and organisational principles, guiding the development of well-founded planning scenarios.

These critical phases are illustrated by plans and 3D representations, culminating in a complete consultation file, which includes precise ergonomic justifications, specifications for the layout and furniture, as well as the choice of materials and colours, for a design that combines functionality and well-being.

01.

Preliminary
analysis

  • Project challenges
  • Understanding operational needs
  • Analysis of agent activity (Feedback)

02.

Layout
principles

  • Organisational principles
  • Principles structuring the layout
  • General development scenarios

03.

General
specifications

  • Cutaway views
  • Ergonomic findings and designs
  • Acoustic, lighting and thermal environments

04.

Detailed specifications (DCE/PRO)

  • Detailed specifications for fittings/furniture
  • Ergonomic rationale
  • Materials, colours
  • 3D representations
  • Virtual tour
  • Graphics
  • Estimates

Multi-disciplinary expertise

In compliance with the requirements of the applicable ergonomics standards (ISO 11064), the design of high-performance control rooms relies on the synergy of a multidisciplinary team. Each member brings unique expertise in a particular aspect of operational efficiency and the quality of the integration of ergonomics into project engineering:

  • ergonomist project manager specialising in computerised control of complex systems,
  • ergonomist specialising in working conditions in control rooms,
  • interior architect and/or DPLG, in connection with the company’s brand image,
  • technical design office engineer,
  • acoustician (sound environment),
  • lighting designer (lighting environment),
  • thermal engineer (thermal environment),
  • digital modelling engineer (2D, 3D, CAD, VR/XR).

In line with the standardised project engineering approach, once all the ergonomic requirements of operators’ work situations and their operating needs have been established and validated, fitting-out projects must be able to translate these requirements into technical and budgetary constraints.

  • Mastery of plan productionThis ability is based on the production of plans using tools (2D, 3D) that are compatible with engineering standards, as well as on cost control for the construction of the various work packages (furniture, finishing work, lighting, etc.).
  • Mastering ergonomic requirementsThis capability enables us to master all the ergonomic requirements needed to define the adaptation of layouts to operating needs. This completeness (ergonomic requirements, technical plans and budget estimate) means that the project's DCE (Dossier de Consultation des Entreprises) can be produced as quickly as possible, in a reactive manner.

Stakeholder engagement

It is crucial for the alignment and acceptability of developments by their stakeholders (operators, project owners, engineers, etc.) to use simulations of workspaces and the efficiency of operating activities as early as possible in the engineering project and at a reduced cost (vs. physical scale models).

The adoption of advanced simulation technologies, such as 3D modelling and virtual reality, has transformed control room design by enabling immersive visualisation of spaces and operational efficiencies even before physical construction, providing early validation of concepts and reducing the costs and risks associated with late modifications.

As early as the sketch phase, simulations facilitate the approval of spatial layouts, the macro-location of furniture and the optimisation of traffic flows, while the advanced design phases enable detailed validation of tactile, visual and organisational aspects. This approach significantly improves the acceptability of layouts by stakeholders, ensuring that layout solutions precisely meet operational and ergonomic needs.

Simulation tools are particularly effective in these engineering phases:

  • The SketchValidation of the main operational dimensions of the layout (space zoning, macro layout of furniture, work positions and main equipment, traffic flow, partitioning, etc.).
  • Simplified and/or detailed preliminary designDetailed validation of the dimensions taken into account in the sketch phase, tactile and visual accessibility, furniture, its location and layout. Finally, validation of the layout project with regard to the organisation of work between operators.

In addition to digital modelling and immersion in representative and interactive environments (simulation ecology), it is necessary to rely on a methodology (protocol) for experimental evaluation in ergonomics, human factors and organisation. This will provide objective information on operational requirements and their translation into useful data for project engineering.

A multi-sector challenge

The efficient layout of a control room addresses cross-cutting issues:

  • Legibility and prioritization of information: supporting decision-making in a context of constraints and high cognitive load.
  • Operator comfort and alertness: integrating human factors, mental load, circadian rhythms, acoustics, and lighting.
  • Reliability of human-system interactions: ensuring operational continuity, robustness in the event of a crisis, and adaptation to degraded scenarios.
  • Adaptability to technological developments: anticipating evolving configurations.
  • Support for collective coordination: organizing space to promote exchanges, shared supervision, and controlled initiative-taking.
  • Integration of regulatory and sectoral constraints: cybersecurity, safety, confidentiality, accessibility, and industry standards.

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